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* 本篇文章难度系数6.9,由《小仙英语伴读》人工智能难度分析系统提供评分。
Why is, no matter the colour of the shampoo, the foam always white?
【译】为什么不管洗发水是什么颜色,泡沫总是白色的?
【单词】shampoo [sham-'poo][??m'pu?] n. 洗发剂;洗涤剂
【单词】foam [fohm][f??m] n. 泡沫
Because the bubbles that make up the foam are so thin that the pigments that make up the color are too thinly spread to matter much.
【译】因为构成泡沫的气泡太薄了,所以构成颜色的颜料扩散得太薄,不会对最终的颜色产生太大的影响。
【固定用法】too...to...结构的基本形式为“too+adj./adv.+to do”,其意为“太……以至于不能……”。有时不定式前可以带有一个由介词for引导的逻辑主语,如:This question is too difficult for Tom to answer.
【单词】bubbles 原型:bubble ['buhb-uhl]['b?bl] n. 气泡;泡影
【单词】thin [thin][θ?n] adj. 薄的;瘦的;稀的
【单词】pigments 原型:pigment ['pig-muhnt]['p?ɡm?nt] n. 色素; 颜料
【单词】thinly [thin]['θ?nli] adv. 薄薄地;细细地;稀疏地
【单词】spread [spred][spred] v. 传播;展开;散布;铺开
Instead the light is fractured everywhere by every bubble making it effectively reflecting white light.
【译】取而代之的是,每一个气泡都会使光线分散,从而最终有效地反射白光。
【单词】fractured 原型:fracture ['frak-cher]['fr?kt??] vt. 破碎;破裂
【单词】everywhere ['ev-ree-hwair, -wair]['evriwe?] adv. 到处,处处;无论何处
【单词】effectively [ih-'fek-tiv][?'fekt?vli] adv. 事实上;有效地
【单词】reflecting 原型:reflect [ri-'flekt][r?'flekt] v. 反映;反射
Anyway it's because the colour gets spread so thin and infused with microbubbles that the colour pigment makes no difference to the light hitting it so it appears white.
【译】不管怎么说,这是因为充满了微气泡而导致颜色被弄得很薄,颜色色素对光线没形成太大影响,所以看起来是白色的。
【单词】Anyway 原型:anyway 副词 ['en-ee-wey]['eniwe?] adv. 不管怎样;无论如何
【单词】infused 原型:infuse [in-'fyooz][?n'fju?z] vt. 注入;使获得;泡制;倾注(液体)
【单词】microbubble 微泡
【单词】hitting 原型:hit [hit][h?t] vi. 打(击);达到,碰到,撞到
Darker colours will reduce this effect.
【译】更深的颜色会降低这种效果。
【单词】reduce [ri-'doos, -'dyoos][r?'dju?s] v. 减少;缩小;使落魄;简化;还原
An entirely black shampoo would have very dark suds.
【译】全黑的洗发水会有很深颜色的泡沫。
【单词】entirely [en-'tahyuhr-lee][?n'ta??li] adv. 完全地;全部地
【单词】suds 原型:sud [s?dz] n. com 肥皂水;肥皂泡
Think about a balloon.
【译】想想一个气球。
【单词】balloon [buh-'loon][b?'lu?n] n. 气球;球状物
When not blown up, balloons are solid with color and very vibrant, but as you blow it up, it loses that color and starts to become very pale, almost white.
【译】当气球没有吹起来的时候,它是纯色的,非常鲜艳,但是当你把它吹鼓起来的时候,它会失去那种颜色,开始变成非常浅的白色,几乎是纯白色。
【单词】blown 原型:blow [bloh][bl??] v. 吹;风吹
【单词】solid ['sol-id]['s?l?d] adj. 固体的;实心的
【单词】vibrant ['vahy-bruhnt]['va?br?nt] adj. 充满活力的;(色彩)鲜明的
【单词】loses 原型:lose [looz][lu?z] vt. 丢失,失去
【单词】pale [peyl][pe?l] adj. 苍白的;灰白的;暗淡的
And if you could infinitely blow up the balloon without it breaking, it would eventually lose all its color and become clear because there is not enough pigment (color) for the light to reflect off.
【译】如果你能无限地吹气球而不让它破裂,它最终会失去所有的颜色,变得清晰,因为没有足够的色素(颜色)让光线反射出去。
【单词】infinitely ['in-fuh-nit]['?nf?n?tli] adv. 无限地;无穷地
【单词】breaking 原型:break [breyk][bre?k] v. 打碎;折断
【单词】eventually [ih-'ven-choo-uh-lee][?'vent?u?li] adv. 最后;终于
【单词】reflect [ri-'flekt][r?'flekt] v. 反映;反射
This would happen because of how thin the material gets.
【译】这是因为材料变薄了。
【单词】happen ['hap-uhn]['h?p?n] vi. 发生;碰巧;出现
In this case, the blown up balloon is like the bubbles.
【译】在这种情况下,膨胀的气球就像气泡。
The shampoo, which contains pigments, gets spread so thin that there is not enough for the light to bounce off and form colors.
【译】这种含有色素的洗发水会被涂抹得很薄,以至于光线无法反射并形成颜色。
【单词】contains 原型:contain [kuhn-'teyn][k?n'te?n] vt. 容纳;包含
【单词】bounce [bouns][ba?ns] vi. 弹起;重新恢复
Thus, the bubbles appear transparent.
【译】因此,气泡看起来是透明的。
【单词】transparent [trans-'pair-uhnt][tr?ns'p?r?nt] adj. 透明的;明显的;清晰的
Same reason clouds are white instead of blue, except instead of tiny droplets, you have spheroids of thin laminate material.
【译】同样的原因,云彩看起来是白色而不是蓝色,除了不是微小的水滴,而是轻薄的球体物质组成的。
【短语】instead of 代替(……的是);而不是…;例句:Instead of pressing forward, they drew back. 他们不仅没有前进,反而后退了。Oops! I put in sugar instead of salt. 啊!我错把糖当盐放了。
【单词】clouds 原型:cloud [kloud][kla?d] n. 云;阴影
【单词】except [ik-'sept][?k'sept] prep. 除了 ... 之外 conj. 除非;除了 ... 之外;若不是
【单词】tiny ['tahy-nee]['ta?ni] adj. 极小的;微小的
【单词】droplets 原型:droplet ['drop-lit]['dr?pl?t] n. 小滴;微滴
【单词】spheroid ['sfeer-oid]['sf??r??d] n. 球状体;椭球体
【单词】laminate ['lam-uh-neyt, -nit]['l?m?n?t] adj. 薄的
The light is incident in them to and from all angles no matter from which direction the observer stands.
【译】无论观察者站在哪个方向,光都会从各个角度入射到它们身上。
【单词】incident ['in-si-duhnt]['?ns?d?nt] adj. 难免的;附带的
【单词】angles 原型:angle ['ang-guh?l]['??ɡl] n. 角度;角;观点
【单词】direction [dih-'rek-shuh?n, 'dahy-][d?'rek?n] n. 方向;趋势
【单词】observer [uhb-'zur-ver][?b'z??v?] n. 观察者
The result is usually Mie scattering, a form of refraction.
【译】结果通常是米氏散射,即折射的一种形式。
【单词】scattering 原型:scatter ['skat-er]['sk?t?] vt. 散播;撒;驱散 vi. 分散;消散
【单词】refraction [ri-'frak-shuhn][r?'fr?k?n] n. 折光;折射
The thickness of the soap bubbles is both thick and variable enough to cover the entire visible spectrum, and probably more.
【译】肥皂泡的厚度既厚又多变,足以覆盖整个可见光谱,甚至可能更多。
【单词】thickness ['thik-nis]['θ?kn?s] n. 厚度;浓度;层
【单词】soap [sohp][s??p] n. 肥皂
【单词】thick [thik][θ?k] adj. 厚的;浓密的;粗的
【单词】variable ['vair-ee-uh-buhl]['ve?ri?bl] adj. 可变的;易变的
【单词】entire [en-'tahyuhr][?n'ta??] adj. 全部的;完整的;全面的
【单词】visible ['viz-uh-buhl]['v?z?bl] adj. 看得见的;可见的;显而易见的
【单词】spectrum ['spek-truhm]['spektr?m] n. 系列;幅度;范围;光谱
If all three (or four) of your photopigments are inactivated, you perceive this as white light.
【译】如果你的三种(或四种)感光色素都失效了,你就会认为这是白光。
【单词】inactivated [in-'ak-tuh-veyt][?n'?kt?ve?t] v. 使不活跃;〈化〉破坏...的活性
【单词】perceive [per-'seev][p?'si?v] v. 注意到;觉察到;认为;理解
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